REDUX: Happy Fourth of July, No Matter What The Founding Fathers Intended.
A tree on Roanoke, photo by débora Ewing The first English Expedition to explore Roanoke Island in 1584 was a fact-finding mission bent on gaining land as a means of wealth and strategic advantage for the British Crown. A second expedition came in 1585 as a military and scientific mission, far from peaceful. The extant citizenry of The New Land were disrespected and blood was spilled. In July of 1587, a third expedition to the island came with women and children, intending to control property by permanently settling British colonial families. Not only did the attempt fail, but the settlers disappeared completely, possibly integrating with natives in order to survive. The only clue was the mysterious word 'CROATOAN' carved into a tree. In 1607, Jamestown was founded. Christian white settlers became permanent fixtures in the new British territory. Expeditions sent by France, the Netherlands, Spain, and Portugal carried out similar missions. Their narratives have n...